For instance an author named Francis Leanne Montgomery would be listed as Montgomery F.

How to cite in text apa format with multiple authors. If the first authors of multiple references share the same surname and the same initials cite the works in the standard author-date format. If an author was the lead author for multiple publications that were published in the same year the in-text citations would be identical. Provide all the authors last names when you first refer to a document with 3-5 authors.

If multiple authors of a single reference share the same surname the initials are not needed in the in-text citation - eg. Gass Varonis 1984. Studies indicate that polar bear populations will dramatically decline as Arctic ice melts Jedden 2006.

To address this the APA indicates that you should include as many names as needed to distinguish the sources before using et al. 1 Author Include authors last name and year of publication separated by a comma in parentheses. Chen Chen 2019 See also.

See examples below to learn about how multiple authors for one work are handled in APA parenthetical citations. In parenthetical citations this structure includes placing the authors last namesurname followed by a comma and the publication year in parentheses. There are additional rules for citing indirect sources electronic sources and sources without page numbers.

For all sources with three to twenty authors you must write out all of the authors on the References page. Use the word and between the authors. In the Reference list you will only cite the article or book that you used the one that referred to the indirect source.

Author Surname et al Year page number References. Use and between the two last namesEven in your first in-text citation you can shorten to the last name of the first author followed by et al. Three or More Authors.