This is a serious crime and should be treated as such.
Can you go to jail for hitting a car. If you hit a person with a car and do not report it to the authorities immediately you could go to jail whether it is your fault or not. Jail or prison sentences are very common with child abuse convictions. In fact you face a presumption of going to prison for 48 months if you are convicted of criminal vehicular homicide.
Aside from that your license can be revoked for good. If you can do so safely deliver the animal to a local veterinarian. The fact that you hit the other driver does not by itself mean you are to blame.
If you live in a state that requires car insurance. Jail time is possible for drivers who hit a parked car and leave the scene. If you are dealing with a small creature use caution.
Hitting a bicyclist with your car can be terrifying for a driver and deadly for the rider. In general if you stop and make a reasonable effort to help the animal the legal responsibility for the accident will not fall on you but on the owner for allowing the dog to run loose. If you have hit someone who is riding a bicycle you need to first stop and attend to the possibly injured rider.
It is possible that you will go to jail but only in certain circumstances. Find out more about the consequences for hitting a pedestrian and learn how to avoid jail time. After a car-pedestrian accident in which the driver is under the influence of alcohol or drugs the driver can likely look forward to a DUI arrest and conviction.
You will end up in jail if you cause an accident that leads to death. Not all go to jail. You could also go to jail if you are violating any of various laws with regards to driving.