Any personal interview conducted via the following and that are unpublished can be considered personal communication.

Apa interview quotes in text. An APA in-text citation is included in research projects in three instances. However when you quote what the interviewee said provide his or her name. Heathfield personal communication May 9 2019 suggested that the change in drug use among teens could be attributed to the increased availability of the substance.

Quoting your research participants. Smith personal communication May 17 2008. Personal communications that are unpublished like personal interviews telephone conversations private.

Maintain double-spacing throughout but do not add an extra blank line before or after it. If your research methodology involved conducting formal interviews with participants transcripts of these interviews are typically included in an appendix. An interview is not considered recoverable data so no reference to this is provided in the reference list.

Skype WebEx Google Hangouts are not recoverable data and therefore a reader would not be able to go back to the source to review the interview. Personal interview in-text citations are enclosed in parentheses and include the authorinterviewees first initial last name type of communication and the date of the interview. In the Works Cited entry the interviewees name is followed by the title of the interview in quotation marks.

The way you refer to these interviews in the text depends on whether you include a transcript of the interview in an appendix. You dont need citations when quoting your research participants. While APA citation dictates that personal interviews.

Type the entire quotation on the new margin and indent the first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation 12 inch from the new margin. Personal interviewscommunication whether it is conducted in-person phone email virtual ie. Unpublished interviews and personal communications such as face-to-face or telephone conversations letters emails or text messages are best cited in-text or in notes rather than in the bibliography.